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Scientific and Technical Publications
Refereed Journal Articles - The following papers describing results from the CHARA Array since it became operational in 2005 have been published or are in press in refereed scientific journals and are available here. (These, and all subsequent documents, are in PDF format)

  1. First Results from the CHARA Array. I. An Interferometric and Spectroscopic Study of the Fast Rotator &alpha Leonis (Regulus), H.A. McAlister et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 628, 439-452, 2005.

  2. First Results from the CHARA Array. II. A Description of the Instrument, T.A. ten Brummelaar et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 628, 453-465, 2005.

  3. The Projection Factor of &delta Cephei: A Calibration of the Baade-Wesselink Method Using the CHARA Array, A. Merand et al., Astronomy and Astrophysics, 438, L9-L12, 2005.

  4. First Results from the CHARA Array. III. Oblateness, Rotational Velocity and Gravity Darkening of Alderamin, G.T. van Belle et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 637, 494-505, 2006.

  5. First Results from the CHARA Array. IV. The Interferometric Radii of Low-Mass Stars, D.H. Berger et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 644, 475, 2006.

  6. First Results from the CHARA Array. V. Binary Star Astrometry: The Case of 12 Persei, W.G. Bagnuolo, Jr. et al., The Astronomical Journal, 131, 2695, 2006.

  7. Circumstellar Material in the Vega Inner System Revealed by CHARA/FLUOR, O. Absil et al., Astronomy and Astrophysics, 452, 237, 2006.

  8. First Results from the CHARA Array VII. Long-Baseline Interferometric Measurements of Vega Consistent with a Pole-On, Rapidly Rotating Star, J.P. Aufdenberg, et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 645, 664-675, 2006.

  9. Extended Envelopes Around Galactic Cepheids II. Polaris and &delta Cephei from Near-Infrared Interferometry with CHARA/FLUOR, A. Merand et al., Astronomy and Astrophysics, 453, 155-162, 2006.

  10. CHARA Array K band Measurements of the Angular Dimensions of Be Star Disks, D.R. Gies et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 654, 527-543, 2007.

  11. The Angular Diameter of &lambda Bootis, D.R. Ciardi et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 659, 1623-1628, 2007.

  12. Direct Measurement of the Radius and Density of the Transiting Exoplanet HD 189733B with the CHARA Array, E.K. Baines et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 661, L195-L198, 2007.

  13. Extended Envelopes Around Galactic Cepheids III. Y Oph and &alpha Per from Near-Infrared Interferometry with CHARA/FLUOR, A. Merand et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 664, 1093-1101, 2007.

  14. Imaging the Surface of Altair, J.D. Monnier et al., Science, 317, 342, 2007.

  15. A Near-Infrared Interferometric Survey of Debris Disk Stars I. Probing the Hot Dust Content Around &epsilon Eri and &tau Cet with CHARA/FLUOR, E. Di Folco et al., Astronomy and Astrophysics, 475, 243, 2007.

  16. Strong Near-Infrared Emission Interior to the Dust Sublimation Radius of Young Stellar Objects MWC 275 and AB Aurigae, A. Tannirkulam et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 677, L51-54, 2008.

  17. CHARA Array Measurements of the Angular Diameters of Exoplanet Host Stars, E.K. Baines et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 680, 728, 2008.

  18. The Search for Stellar Companions to Exoplanet Host Stars Using the CHARA Array, E.K. Baines et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 682, 577, 2008.

  19. Angular Diameters of the G Subdwarf &mu Cassiopeiae A and the K Dwarfs &sigma Draconis and HR 511 from Interferometric Measurements with the CHARA Array, T.S. Boyajian et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 683, 424, 2008.

  20. The Radii of the Nearby K5V and K7V stars 61 Cyg A & B - CHARA/FLUOR Interferometry and CESAM2k Modeling, P. Kervella et al., Astronomy and Astrophysics, 488, 667, 2008.

  21. A Near-Infrared Interferometric Survey of Debris Disc Stars. II. CHARA/FLUOR Observations of Six Early-Type Dwarfs, O. Absil et al., Astronomy and Astrophysics, 487, 1041, 2008.

  22. First Resolved Images of the Eclipsing and Interacting Binary &beta Lyrae, M. Zhao et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 684, L95, 2008.

  23. A Tale of Two Herbig Ae Stars - MWC 275 and AB Aurigae: Comprehensive Models for SED and Interferometry, A. Tannirkulam et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 689, 513, 2008.

  24. The Visual Orbit of the 1.1-day Spectroscopic Binary &sigma2 Coronae Borealis from Interferometry with the CHARA Array, D. Raghavan et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 690, 394, 2009.

  25. The Angular Sizes of Dwarf Stars and Subgiants - Non-linear Surface Brightness Relations in BVRclc from Interferometry, P. Kervella & P. Fouque, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 491, 855, 2008.

  26. Angular Diameters of the Hyades Giants Measured with the CHARA Array, T.S. Boyajian et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 691, 1243, 2009.

  27. Dust in the Inner Regions of Debris Disks Around A Stars, R.L. Akeson et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 691, 1896, 2009.

  28. Eleven Exoplanet Host Star Diameters from the CHARA Array, E.K. Baines et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 701, 154, 2009.

  29. Imaging and Modeling Rapidly Rotating Stars: α Cephei and α Ophiuchi, M. Zhao et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 701, 209, 2009.

  30. Interferometric Observations of the Hierarchical Triple System Algol, Sz. Csizmadia et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 705, 436, 2009.

  31. Asteroseismology and Interferometry of the Red Giant Star &epsilon Oph, A. Mazumander et al., Astronomy and Astrophysics, to appear 2009.

  32. VEGA: Visible Spectrograph and Polarimeter for the CHARA Array: Principle and Performance, D. Mourard et al., Astronomy and Astrophysics, accepted for publication.
Additional Refereed Journal Articles related to CHARA research or authored by CHARA scientists since 2000:

  1. Binary Star Differential Photometry Using the Adaptive Optics System at Mount Wilson Observatory, T.A. ten Brummelaar et al., The Astronomical Journal, 119, 2403, 2000.

  2. ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XXIII. Measurements During 1982-1997 from Six Telescopes with 14 New Orbits, W.I. Hartkopf et al., The Astronomical Journal, 119, 3084, 2000.

  3. Search for Faint Companions to Nearby Solar-Like Stars Using the Adaptive Optics System at Mount Wilson Observatory, N.H. Turner et al., The Astronomical Journal, 121, 3254, 2001.

  4. The 2001 U.S. Naval Observatory Double Star CD-ROM. III. The Third Catalog of Interferometric Measurements of Binary Stars, W.I. Hartkopf et al., The Astronomical Journal, 122, 1723, 2001.

  5. The Quadruple System &mu Orionis: Three-Dimensional Orbit and Physical Parameters, F.C. Fekel et al., The Astronomical Journal, 123, 1723, 2002.

  6. The CHARA Catalog of Orbital Elements of Spectroscopic Binary Stars, S.F. Taylor et al., Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 115, 609-617, 2003.

  7. Adaptive Optics Photometry and Astrometry of Binary Stars, L.C. Roberts, Jr. et al., The Astronomical Journal, 130, 2262, 2005.

  8. Imaging Shock Fronts in Mira Atmospheres, H.C. Woodruff et al., Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italiana, 77, 186, 2006.

  9. Adaptive Optics Photometry and Astrometry of Binary Stars. II. A Multiplicity Survey of B Stars, L.C. Roberts, Jr. et al., The Astronomical Journal, 133, 545, 2007.

  10. The Long-Period, Massive Binaries HD 37366 and HD 54662: Potential Targets for Long-Baseline Optical Interferometry, T.S. Boyajian et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 664, 1121, 2007.

  11. A New Calibration of Galactic Cepheid Period-Luminosity Relations from B to K bands and a Comparison to LMC PL Relations, P. Fouque et al., Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press, 2007.

  12. A Spectroscopic Orbit for Regulus, D.R. Gies et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 682, L117, 2008.

  13. Adaptive Optics Photometry and Astrometry of Binary Stars. III. A Faint Companion Search of O-Star Systems, N.H. Turner et al., The Astronomical Journal, 136, 554, 2008.
Meeting Reports - Reports of meetings and workshops organized or co-organized by CHARA:

  1. Workshop on Imaging Interferometry, A summary edited by T. Cornwell & H. McAlister on a workshop sponsored by the National Science Foundation and held in Socorro, New Mexico during 13-14 June 2000.

  2. The CHARA Array Year One Science Review, A summary edited by T ten Brummelaar & H. McAlister of a meeting at the Paris Observatory and hosted by V. du Foresto during 7-11 February 2005.

  3. The CHARA Array Year Two Science Review, The second annual CHARA science meeting was held at the NOAO headquarters building in Tucson during 20-23 February 2006 and hosted by Jason Aufdenberg and Steve Ridgway. A group photo and the program topics are given here.

  4. The CHARA Array Year Three Science Review, The presentations along with a group photo of our annual science meeting held this year at the American Museum of Natural History in New York on 15 & 16 March 2007 are available here.
Preliminary Engineering Design Reports - The following appendices are available from the final report of the NSF-Supported "Phase B" engineering study for the CHARA Array. This report was the primary supporting technical document for the proposal submitted to the NSF for construction funding for the CHARA Array.

  1. Configuration Diagram from CHARA's Original Proposal, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  2. Configuration Diagram (March 2000 Revision), T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  3. A. Science Objectives, H.A. McAlister (CHARA)

  4. B. Array Configuration, W.G. Bagnuolo & W.I. Hartkopf (CHARA)

  5. C. Telescopes, W.G. Robinson (GTRI)

  6. D. Polarization Effects, W.G. Bagnuolo (CHARA)

  7. E. Diffraction Effects, W.G. Bagnuolo (CHARA)

  8. F. Beam Transfer, A.K. Garrison (GTRI)

  9. G. Optical Path Length Equalization, A.K. Garrison (GTRI)

  10. H. Beam Sampling, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  11. I. Visible Light Fringe Tracking, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  12. J. Evaluation of the Channel Spectrum, J.W. Beletic (GTRI)

  13. K. Visible Light Imaging, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  14. L. Infrared Beam Combining and Dectection, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  15. M. Alignment, N.H. Turner & T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  16. N. Differential Path Considerations, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  17. O. Signal to Noise Issue in Quadrant Detectors, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  18. P. Use of CCDs for Fringe Tracking, J.W. Beletic (GTRI)

  19. Q. Performance Limits, W.G. Bagnuolo & T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  20. R. Throughput Calculations and Limiting Magnitudes, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  21. S. Adaptive Optics, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  22. T. Thermal Control and Optical Tolerances (Rev 10/96), S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  23. U. Computer Control, W. Daley & R. Carey (GTRI)

  24. V. Weather Considerations in Site Selection, D.E. Holland (USAF Phillips Lab)

  25. W. Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation, G. Lindsay (SHB Agra, Inc.)

  26. X. Site Facilities, R.G. Vaughan (Kemper-Vaughan, Inc.)

  27. Y. Spectroscopic Capability, I.K. Furenlid & W.G. Bagnuolo, Jr. (CHARA)

  28. Z. Systems Engineering, W.G. Robinson (GTRI)
CHARA Technical Reports - During the final design and construction phases of the CHARA Array, a number of Technical Reports were prepared. These reports continue to be produced from time to time and are made available here:

  1. 1. CHARA's Wobblers: Preliminary Specifications, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  2. 2. Visibility, Optical Tolerances, and Error Budget, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  3. 3. Optical Layout and Error Budget for the Telescope, Catseye, and Beam Compressor, L. Ming (NOAO)

  4. 4. Pipes of Pan - Switchable Optical Delay, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA), T.A. ten Brummelaar & W.G. Bagnuolo (CHARA)

  5. 5. Notes on Using 1.8 meter Telescopes, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  6. 6. Strehl Ratio and Coherence Loss in Long Baseline Interferometry, T.A. ten Brummelaar, W.G. Bagnuolo (CHARA) & S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  7. 7. Effect of Telescope Deformation on Visibility and Strehl, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  8. 8. Telescope Specifications, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  9. 9. Telescope Design, L. Barr, A. Gerzoff (NOAO) & S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  10. 10. Telescope Enclosure Specifications, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  11. 11. Interferometer Layouts on Mount Wilson, W.G. Bagnuolo, W.I. Hartkopf (CHARA) & S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  12. 12. Interferometer Sites on Mount Palomar and Kitt Peak, W.G. Bagnuolo, W.I. Hartkopf (CHARA) & S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  13. 13. Site Selection for the CHARA Array, H.A. McAlister (CHARA)

  14. 14. Including the Mt. Wilson 100-inch Telescope in the CHARA Array, W.G. Bagnuolo, W.I. Hartkopf (CHARA)

  15. 15. Telescope Primary Mirror Optical Requirements, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA) & L.D. Barr (NOAO)

  16. 16. Telescope Primary Mirror Specifications, L.D. Barr (NOAO) & S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  17. 17. Wind Effects vs. Optical Path Length Changes for the Telescopes - A Preliminary Rationale, L.D. Barr (NOAO)

  18. 18. The CHARA Array as an ASEPS Resource, H.A. McAlister, W.G. Bagnuolo, W.I. Hartkopf, B.D. Mason (CHARA)

  19. 19. Wobbler Servo Requirements (revised), T.A. ten Brummelaar, J. Hildebrand (CHARA) & S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  20. 20. Miscellaneous Telescope Drive Considerations, L.D. Barr (NOAO)

  21. 21. Mount Design Issues, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA), L.D. Barr (NOAO) & T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  22. 22. Telescope Enclosure Considerations and Cost Estimate, J. Barr (NOAO) & S.T. Ridgway NOAO & CHARA)

  23. 23. Building Requirements for the CHARA Array, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA), W.G. Bagnuolo, T.A. ten Brummelaar & H.A. McAlister (CHARA)

  24. 24. Correlation Measurement and Group Delay Tracking with a Noisy Detector, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  25. 25. Observing AGNs with an Optical Interferometer, B.D. Mason & T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  26. 26. Beam Synthesis Facility Design Considerations, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA) & H.A. McAlister (CHARA)

  27. 27. Preliminary Unit Cost Estimate for the Mechanical Portion of the CHARA 1-m Telescopes, L.D. Barr (NAOA)

  28. 28. Polarization Revisited, S.T. Ridgway (NAOA & CHARA) & W.G. Bagnuolo (CHARA)

  29. 29. Modeling a Large Baseline Optical Stellar Interferometer Using Zernike Polynomials, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  30. 30. OPLE and POP Considerations, W.G. Bagnuolo & W.I. Hartkopf (CHARA)

  31. 31. CHARA Telescope Specifications and Description: A Supplement to the CHARA Engineering Drawings, L.D. Barr (NOAO)

  32. 32. Telescope Secondary Mirror Specifications, S.T. Ridgway (NAOA & CHARA)

  33. 33. Performance Study of the Primary Mirror: Effects of the Axial and Lateral Support, L.D. Barr (NOAO)

  34. 34. Enclosures and Domes, S.T. Ridgway (NAOA & CHARA)

  35. 35. Optical Table Requirements, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  36. 36. Directed Initial Reduction of Terrain, W.G. Bagnuolo (CHARA) & S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  37. 37. Optical Performance of the First Primary Mirror, W.G. Bagnuolo (CHARA)

  38. 38. OPLE Mirror Specifications and Requirements, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA) & S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  39. 39. The Telescope Secondary as a Tip/Tilt Mirror, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  40. 40. Preliminary Software Issues, M. Collins & T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  41. 41. OPLE Optical Table Requirements, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  42. 42. Vibration Tests on the Western OPLE Inertial Slab, N.H. Turner (CHARA) & K. Eckmeder (Newport Corp.)

  43. 43. BCL Optical Table Requirements, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  44. 44. OPLE Drive Issues, L.D. Barr (NOAO) & S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  45. 45. Telescope Structural Overview, M.K. Cho (NOAO)

  46. 46. The Need for Additional Array Telescopes, W.G. Bagnuolo, H.A. McAlister & A.B. Kaye (CHARA)

  47. 47. Stress in the CHARA Primary Mirror Due to Lifting from the Central Hole, L.D. Barr (NOAO)

  48. 48. The 3D Layout of the CHARA Array, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  49. 49. Expanding (U,V)-Plane Coverage with Outriggers, W.G. Bagnuolo (CHARA)

  50. 50. The OPLE `T' Support System, S.T. Ridgway (NAOA & CHARA) & T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  51. 51. A `Strawman' Observing Method and the Array Control System, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  52. 52. Telescope and Dome Control Requirements, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  53. 53. Wobbler Servo Control Requirements, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  54. 54. Another Array Option on Mt. Wilson, W.G. Bagnuolo (CHARA), S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA) & W.I. Hartkopf (CHARA)

  55. 55. Application of a Single Board CCD Camera on a Pentax PCS-215 Theodolite, L. Sturmann (CHARA)

  56. 56. Testing of a Picomotor in the Pressure Range of 0.1-10 Torr, L. Sturmann (CHARA)

  57. 57. Beam-Compressor Mirror Specifications and Requirements, W.G. Bagnuolo(CHARA)

  58. 58. Binary Astronomy Accuracy with Two Telescopes, W.G. Bagnuolo(CHARA)

  59. 59. Flat Mirror Requirements and Specifications, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  60. 60. OPLE Sleeper and Rail Installation Trip Report, W.G. Bagnuolo, W.I. Hartkopf, C.H. Hopper, H.A. McAlister, L.C. Roberts & L. Sturmann (CHARA)

  61. 61. Beam Combining Optical Components, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  62. 62. Self-Weight Deflections of 8-inch Diameters, L.D. Barr (NOAO) & S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  63. 63. Alignment Telescopes, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  64. 64. Design Considerations for the CHARA Optical Delay System Mechanical Support Structure, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA), H.A. McAlister, W.G. Bagnuolo, T.A. ten Brummelaar & M.A. Shure (CHARA)

  65. 65. Plan for Alignment of CHARA Optical Path Length Equalizer Supports and Shafts, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  66. 66. Acquisition Cameras, L. Sturmann (CHARA)

  67. 67. OPLE Cart: Schedule for Delivery from JPL, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  68. 68. Timing and Network Requirements on Mount Wilson, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  69. 69. Optical Path Stability and Fringe Tracking in Optical Stellar Interferometry, R.A. Frazin (UI)

  70. 70. Coding Practices for the CHARA Array, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA) & A. Booth (SUSI)

  71. 71. Small Mirror Specifications, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  72. 72. Choice of Materials for Small Optics, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  73. 73. Aluminum Tube Specification for CHARA Beam Transport, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  74. 74. Local Clocks for Device Controllers, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  75. 75. The Master Clock, L. Sturmann (CHARA)

  76. 76. Beam-Compressor Mirror Specifications, Invitation to Bid, W.G. Bagnuolo(CHARA)

  77. 77. Tertiary Mirror Specifications & Requirements, M.A. Shure (CHARA), S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA) & T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  78. 78. Relay Mirror Specifications & Requirements, M.A. Shure (CHARA), S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA) & T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  79. 79. Fringe Tracking and Visible Imaging: Camera Specifications, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  80. 80. Thermal Effects on Vacuum Tube Supports, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  81. 81. CHARA Array User Interface: Programmer's Manual (June 2000 Version), T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  82. 82. The CHARA First Light Beam Combiner, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  83. 83. First Fringe Program Plan, H.A. McAlister (CHARA)

  84. 84. Beam Heights and Optical Table Alignment, T.A. ten Brummelaar & N.H. Turner (CHARA)

  85. 85. Vacuum Tube Support and Sealing Considerations, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  86. 86. Imaging and Fourier Coverage: Mapping with Depleted Arrays, P.G. Tuthill (SUSI) & J.D. Monnier (UMich)

  87. 87. Visibility Measurements from Fringe Amplitudes Using MathCad with Application to Upsilon Andromedae, H.A. McAlister (CHARA)

  88. 88. Vacuum Access Procedures , S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA) & J. Sturmann (CHARA)

  89. 89. Plan for Commissioning of the CHARA Vacuum System, S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  90. 90. A CHARA Observation Planning Tool, J.P. Aufdenberg (NOAO)

  91. 91. Optical Coatings for CHARA Reflective Surfaces , S.T. Ridgway (NOAO & CHARA)

  92. 92. OPLE Rail Alignment Procedures , C.E. Ogden (CHARA)

  93. 93. Optimum Pixel Size for NIRO Input Optics, T.A. ten Brummelaar (CHARA)

  94. 94. Periscope Mounts and the DL Front Positions, B. Thompson (CHARA)